Journal
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
Volume 63, Issue -, Pages 149-158Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.04.008
Keywords
Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Environmental degradation; Mechanical testing
Funding
- Iran railway research center
- Iranian nanotechnology initiative
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Both natural montmorilonite (CN) and organically modified montmorilonite (CB) improved significantly the mechanical performance of novolac phenolic resin (PF)/woven glass-fiber (GF) composites due to their nanodispersion and good interfacial interaction with the matrix. It was revealed that the incorporation of 2.5 wt% of the clays enhances the elastic modulus up to 38% for CN and 43% for CB. Aging of PF/GF composites at various aqueous solutions, i.e. water, brine and acidic environments, increased stiffness of the composite (similar to 100-250% increase in elastic modulus) due to possible secondary crosslinking caused by water molecules and hydroxyl groups of PF resin. However, aging led to the reduction of strength caused by the matrix degradation due to hydrolysis and interfacial debonding. It was found that both clays diminished durability of PF/GF composites probably due to their hydrophilic nature enhancing water absorption. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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