Journal
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
Volume 51, Issue -, Pages 22-32Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.03.016
Keywords
Preform; Numerical analysis; Resin flow; Void formation
Funding
- National Science Foundation [CBET-0934008]
- U.S. Department of Education through a GAANN fellowship [P200A060289]
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [0934008] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Air entrapment within and between fiber tows during preform permeation in liquid composite molding (LCM) processes leads to undesirable quality in the resulting composite material with defects such as discontinuous material properties, failure zones, and visual flaws. Essential to designing processing conditions for void-free filling is the development of an accurate prediction of local air entrapment locations as the resin permeates the preform. To this end, the study presents a numerical simulation of the infiltrating dual-scale resin flow through the actual architecture of plain weave fibrous preforms accounting for the capillary effects within the fiber bundles. The numerical simulations consider two-dimensional cross sections and full three-dimensional representations of the preform to investigate the relative size and location of entrapped voids for a wide range of flow, preform geometry, and resin material properties. Based on the studies, a generalized paradigm is presented for predicting the void content as a function of the Capillary and Reynolds numbers governing the materials and processing. Optimum conditions for minimizing air entrapment during processing are also presented and discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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