Journal
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 178, Issue -, Pages 121-131Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.08.016
Keywords
Osmoregulation; Respirometry; Osmolality; Mitochondria-rich cells; Mitochondrial biogenesis; NKCC; NCC; PGC-1 alpha; NRF-1; COX
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [IOS-1119693]
- Edwin W. Pauley Foundation
- Binational Agricultural Research Development (BARD) fund [IS-4296-10]
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [INA140AR4170071]
- University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program, SOEST [R/SS-12]
- University of Hawai'i NSF EPSCoR program [EPS-0903833]
- Core Genetics Facility at the Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology
- University of Hawai'i, the Hawai'i Pacific University Trustee's Scholarly Endeavors Fund
- College of Natural & Computational Science
- University of Hawai'i Sea Grant [UNIHI-SEAGRANT-JC-14-01]
- Office Of The Director
- EPSCoR [0903833] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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This study investigated the effects of two rearing salinities, and acute salinity transfer, on the energetic costs of osmoregulation and the expression of metabolic and osmoregulatory genes in the gill of Mozambique tilapia. Using automated, intermittent-flow respirometry, measured standard metabolic rates (SMRs) of tilapia reared in seawater (SW, 130 mg O-2 kg(-1) h(-1)) were greater than those reared in fresh water (FW, 103 mg O-2 kg-1 h-1), when normalized to a common mass of 0.05 kg and at 25 +/- 1 degrees C Transfer from FW to 75% SW increased SMR within 18 h, to levels similar to SW-reared fish, while transfer from SW to FW decreased SMR to levels similar to FW-reared fish. Branchial gene expression of Na+-K+-2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC), an indicator of SW-type mitochondria-rich (MR) cells, was positively correlated with SMR, while Na+-Cl- cotransporter (NCC), an indicator of FW-type MR cells, was negatively correlated. Principal Components Analysis also revealed that branchial expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX-IV), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), and a putative mitochondrial biogenesis regulator in fish, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha), were correlated with a higher SMR, plasma osmolality, and environmental salinity, while expression of glycogen synthase (GS), PGC-1 beta, and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) had negative correlations. These results suggest that the energetic costs of osmoregulation are higher in SW than in FW, which may be related to the salinity-dependent differences in osmoregulatory mechanisms found in the gills of Mozambique tilapia. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.
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