4.3 Article

Chemical Extractability of Lead in Field-Contaminated Soils: Implications for Estimating Total Lead

Journal

COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS
Volume 42, Issue 13, Pages 1581-1593

Publisher

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2011.581729

Keywords

heavy metals; soil chemistry; soil testing

Funding

  1. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1R21ES017921-01]
  2. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
  3. National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources
  4. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [R21ES017921] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER

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Lead (Pb) is frequently present in urban soils at concentrations of concern for human health. Regulations for Pb are based on total soil concentrations as determined by acid digestion, but a less expensive screening test for Pb would be useful in facilitating more thorough soil testing of urban areas if it could be shown to correlate strongly to total soil Pb. In this study, three extractants (0.1 M citrate, MM, and 1 M nitric acid) were evaluated for their ability to estimate the total Pb in contaminated soils. Nitric acid not only extracted a greater fraction of total soil Pb but also produced the strongest correlation to total Pb and is concluded to be the superior extractant for a soil Pb screening test. As the spatial distribution of Pb was observed in selected soils to be highly heterogeneous on the micron scale, thorough soil homogenization prior to testing is recommended.

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