Immobilization of silver nanoparticles onto sulfonated polyethersulfone membranes as antibacterial materials

By using the interaction between the sulfonated groups and silver ions, silver nanoparticles were successfully introduced onto the surface of sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) membranes by using vitamin C as reducing agent. The presence of silver nanoparticles on the surface of the PES/SPES hybrid membranes was characterized by UV spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Detailed studies on the antibacterial activity of the (PES/SPES)-Ag composites were carried out for Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus, and Escherichia coli, for which, the composites exhibited significantly inhibition capacity. Cytocompatibility of the (PES/SPES)-Ag composites were also investigated by cell cytotoxicity and cell adhesion tests. The results indicated that after immobilizing with silver nanoparticles, the (PES/SPES)-Ag was still within the safe use range. To our knowledge, this is the first time that PES membranes have been prepared with antibacterial capacity. We anticipate that this novel and green method might lead to an expanded usage of PES with antibacterial properties in medical instruments and food processing industries in the future, and might also make a potential contribution to the fields of antibacterial chemistry. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.