4.4 Article

Diffusion models of the flanker task: Discrete versus gradual attentional selection

Journal

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Volume 63, Issue 4, Pages 210-238

Publisher

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2011.08.001

Keywords

Diffusion model; Flanker task; Visual attention; Model selection; Dual process; Single process

Funding

  1. NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG017083-05, R01 AG017083] Funding Source: Medline

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The present study tested diffusion models of processing in the flanker task, in which participants identify a target that is flanked by items that indicate the same (congruent) or opposite response (incongruent). Single- and dual-process flanker models were implemented in a diffusion-model framework and tested against data from experiments that manipulated response bias, speed/accuracy tradeoffs, attentional focus, and stimulus configuration. There was strong mimcry among the models, and each captured the main trends in the data for the standard conditions. However, when more complex conditions were used, a single-process spotlight model captured qualitative and quantitative patterns that the dual-process models could not. Since the single-process model provided the best balance of fit quality and parsimony, the results indicate that processing in the simple versions of the flanker task is better described by gradual rather than discrete narrowing of attention. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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