Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome is defined as reversible ischemia within a closed fibro-osseous space, which leads to decreased tissue perfusion and ischemic pain. It is a recurrent problem seen most commonly in athletes. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination as well as measurement of compartment pressures. Conservative treatment has been attempted with moderate success if targeting associated and contributing factors; however, definitive treatment is by surgical fasciotomy, which has a high rate of success, allowing patients to return to athletic activity.