Inhibition of SGLT2: A Novel Strategy for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The selective inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) has recently become a focus of potential type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) therapeutics. This review describes the mechanism of SGLT2-induced urinary glucose excretion (UGE) and its effects on parameters of glycemic control in animal models, healthy humans, and patients with T2DM. Key questions on various aspects of the development of SGLT2 inhibitors are discussed, as well as insights regarding this field.