Comparative investigation of the effects of different materials used with a titanium barrier on new bone formation

Objectives In this study, we aimed to study the effects on new bone formation of autogenous blood, deproteinized bovine bone graft (DBBG), and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bioceramic graft materials placed under titanium barriers. Material and methods Twenty-four adult male New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. Two titanium barriers were fixed on each rabbit's calvarium. The study included four groups, one of which was a control group. The experiment groups, autogenous blood, DBBG (Bio-Oss (R); Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhusen, Switzerland) and BCP (4BoneTM; Biomatlante, Vigneux de Bretagne, France) were placed under titanium barriers; in the control group, no materials were used. Half of the animals were sacrificed after 1month, and the rest were sacrificed after 3months. After this, micro-computerized tomography images were taken, and a histomorphometric evaluation was carried out. Results The amounts of new bone formation were found to be higher at the third month than at the first month. The differences between the groups were examined with both a micro-computerized tomography and histomorphometric analysis, and no statistical significance was noted in the first month. In contrast, the increase in the amount of new bone formation at the third month was found to be statistically significant only between the DBBG and control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Autogenous blood with titanium barriers in guided bone regeneration seems to be as successful as DBBG and BCP bioceramic graft material.