Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 54, Issue 11, Pages 3240-3248Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410214
Keywords
crystallinity; morphology; organic-inorganic perovskites; photovoltaics; precursors
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Funding
- European Union Seventh Framework Programme of the MESO project [604032]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
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Organic-inorganic perovskites are currently one of the hottest topics in photovoltaic (PV) research, with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of cells on a laboratory scale already competing with those of established thin-film PV technologies. Most enhancements have been achieved by improving the quality of the perovskite films, suggesting that the optimization of film formation and crystallization is of paramount importance for further advances. Here, we review the various techniques for film formation and the role of the solvents and precursors in the processes. We address the role chloride ions play in film formation of mixed-halide perovskites, which is an outstanding question in the field. We highlight the material properties that are essential for high-efficiency operation of solar cells, and identify how further improved morphologies might be achieved.
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