Journal
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
Volume 20, Issue 9, Pages 821-830Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12719
Keywords
Carbapenemase; Enterobacteriaceae; KPC; NDM; OXA-48
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The spread of carbapenemase producers in Enterobacteriaceae has now been identified worldwide. Three main carbapenemases have been reported; they belong to three classes of -lactamases, which are KPC, NDM, and OXA-48. The main reservoirs of KPC are Klebsiella pneumoniae in the USA, Israel, Greece, and Italy, those of NDM are K.pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in the Indian subcontinent, and those of OXA-48 are K.pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in North Africa and Turkey. KPC producers have been mostly identified among nosocomial isolates, whereas NDM and OXA-48 producers are both nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens. Control of their spread is still possible in hospital settings, and relies on the use of rapid diagnostic techniques and the strict implemention of hygiene measures.
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