Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 54, Issue 11, Pages 3417-3430Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410252
Keywords
defects; heterogeneity; industrial chemistry; metal-organic frameworks; secondary building units
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Funding
- BASF SE (Ludwigshafen, Germany)
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Energy Frontier Research Center [DE-SC0001015]
- U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA 1-12-1-0053]
- King Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are constructed by linking inorganic units with organic linkers to make extended networks. Though more than 20000 MOF structures have been reported most of these are ordered and largely composed of a limited number of different kinds building units, and very few have multiple different building units (heterogeneous). Although heterogeneity and multiplicity is a fundamental characteristic of biological systems, very few synthetic materials incorporate heterogeneity without losing crystalline order. Thus, the question arises: how do we introduce heterogeneity into MOFs without losing their ordered structure? This Review outlines strategies for varying the building units within both the backbone of the MOF and its pores to produce the heterogeneity that is sought after. The impact this heterogeneity imparts on the properties of a MOF is highlighted. We also provide an update on the MOF industry as part of this themed issue for the 150th anniversary of BASF.
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