4.6 Review

Vascular stiffness: Its measurement and significance for epidemiologic and outcome studies

Journal

Publisher

AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY
DOI: 10.2215/CJN.03340807

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Funding

  1. NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [UL1RR024134] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  2. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK067390] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  3. NCRR NIH HHS [UL-RR-024134] Funding Source: Medline
  4. NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-067390] Funding Source: Medline

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Arterial stiffness is recognized increasingly as an important component in the determination of cardiovascular risk, particularly in chronic kidney disease and ESRD populations. Although the technique has been around for nearly 100 yr, in the past 20 to 25 yr, pragmatic noninvasive approaches have allowed the incorporation of arterial stiffness measurements, usually in the form of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), into clinical assessment of patients. In populations with high cardiovascular risk, especially those with ESRD, aortic PWV measurements provide predictive utility independent of the standard brachial arterial BP measurements. This review briefly discusses the history of vascular dynamics, the determinants of PWV, and some of the available technologies in current use and concludes with a section on the relevance of arterial stiffness measurements in populations of particular interest to nephrologists.

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