Journal
CLINICAL GENETICS
Volume 84, Issue 2, Pages 142-149Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cge.12181
Keywords
alternative splicing; retinal degeneration; retinitis pigmentosa; small molecules
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [T32GM007309, R01EY009769, P30EY001765]
- Foundation Fighting Blindness
- Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc.
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Alternative splicing is highly regulated in tissue-specific and development-specific patterns, and it has been estimated that 15% of disease-causing point mutations affect pre-mRNA splicing. In this review, we consider the cis-acting splice site and trans-acting splicing factor mutations that affect pre-mRNA splicing and contribute to retinal degeneration. Numerous splice site mutations have been identified in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and various cone-rod dystrophies. Mutations in alternatively spliced retina-specific exons of the widely expressed RPGR and COL2A1 genes lead primarily to X-linked RP and ocular variants of Stickler syndrome, respectively. Furthermore, mutations in general pre-mRNA splicing factors, such as PRPF31, PRPF8, and PRPF3, predominantly cause autosomal dominant RP. These findings suggest an important role for pre-mRNA splicing in retinal homeostasis and the pathogenesis of retinal degenerative diseases. The development of novel therapeutic strategies to modulate aberrant splicing, including small molecule-based therapies, has the potential to lead to new treatments for retinal degenerative diseases.
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