Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 1522-1528Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07080
Keywords
microballistic; nanobullet; nanomachine; US-triggered; tissue penetration
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Funding
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense [HDTRA1-13-1-0002, HDTRA1-14-1-0064]
- UC MEXUS-CONACYT
- Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports
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Acoustically triggered microcannons, capable of loading and firing nanobullets (Nbs), are presented as powerful microballistic tools. Hollow conically shaped microcannon structures have been synthesized electrochemically and fully loaded with nanobullets made of silica or fluorescent micro spheres, and perfluorocarbon emulsions, embedded in a gel matrix stabilizer. Application of a focused ultrasound pulse leads to the spontaneous vaporization of the perfluorocarbon emulsions within the micro cannon and results in the rapid ejection of the nanobullets. Such Nbs firing at remarkably high speeds (on the magnitude of meters per second) has been modeled theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Arrays of microcannons anchored in a template membrane were used to demonstrate the efficient Nbs loading and the high penetration capabilities of the ejected Nbs in a tissue phantom gel. This acoustic-inicrocarmon approach could be translated into advanced microscale ballistic tools, capable of efficient loading and firing of multiple cargoes, and offer improved accessibility to target locations and enhanced tissue penetration properties.
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