Journal
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
Volume 99, Issue 2, Pages 289-299Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1A0514-267RR
Keywords
adenosine; Ym1; extracellular ATP; purinergic receptors; adenosine receptors
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Funding
- Plan Nacional I+D+I Instituto Salud Carlos III-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [EMER07/ 049, PI09/0120, PI13/00174]
- Fundacion Seneca [11922/PI/09]
- European Research Council [ERC-2013-CoG 614578]
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Macrophages represent a highly heterogenic cell population of the innate immune system, with important roles in the initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response. Purinergic signaling regulates both M1 and M2 macrophage function at different levels by controlling the secretion of cytokines, phagocytosis, and the production of reactive oxygen species. We found that extracellular nucleotides arrest macrophage differentiation from bone marrow precursors via adenosine and P2 receptors. This results in a mature macrophage with increased expression of M2, but not M1, genes. Similar to adenosine and ATP, macrophage growth arrested with LPS treatment resulted in an increase of the M2-related marker Ym1. Recombinant Ym1 was able to affect macrophage proliferation and could, potentially, be involved in the arrest of macrophage growth during hematopoiesis.
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