Journal
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 156, Issue 3, Pages 502-510Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03931.x
Keywords
allele-specific; antibody response; duffy binding protein; malaria; Plasmodium vivax
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Funding
- Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq)
- Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, PAPES IV [CNPq-400086/2006-9]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa de Minas Gerais [FAPEMIG-CBB-880/06]
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The Duffy binding protein of Plasmodium vivax (DBP) is a critical adhesion ligand that participates in merozoite invasion of human Duffy-positive erythrocytes. A small outbreak of P. vivax malaria, in a village located in a non-malarious area of Brazil, offered us an opportunity to investigate the DBP immune responses among individuals who had their first and brief exposure to malaria. Thirty-three individuals participated in the five cross-sectional surveys, 15 with confirmed P. vivax infection while residing in the outbreak area (cases) and 18 who had not experienced malaria (non-cases). In the present study, we found that only 20% (three of 15) of the individuals who experienced their first P. vivax infection developed an antibody response to DBP; a secondary boosting can be achieved with a recurrent P. vivax infection. DNA sequences from primary/recurrent P. vivax samples identified a single dbp allele among the samples from the outbreak area. To investigate inhibitory antibodies to the ligand domain of the DBP (cysteine-rich region II, DBPII), we performed in vitro assays with mammalian cells expressing DBPII sequences which were homologous or not to those from the outbreak isolate. In non-immune individuals, the results of a 12-month follow-up period provided evidence that naturally acquired inhibitory antibodies to DBPII are short-lived and biased towards a specific allele.
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