Incidence of oral mucositis, its treatment and pain management in patients receiving cancer treatment at Radiation Oncology Departments in Spanish hospitals (MUCODOL Study)

To estimate the incidence of oral mucositis (OM) in patients receiving radiotherapy, describe the treatments used to manage pain in OM grades 3 and 4 and assess relief of pain and patient satisfaction. All patients older than 18 years consecutively attending a Radiation Oncology Department over 5 working days were included in a cross-sectional study. The data recorded were RTOG scale of OM (1, 2, 3 or 4), age and sex. In a second stage, a clinical cohort was followed for 2 months. Pain management was assessed in patients with grades 3 and 4. Two thousand and forty-seven patients (98.5%) from 55 participating centres were eligible for the first stage. The overall risk of OM was 16.4% (95% CI 14.8-18.1); prevalence was 26.4%. In the second stage, 282 (91.6%) of the patients recruited were eligible. At the baseline visit, 95.7% of the population had OM grade 3 and 4.3% grade 4. At two months, OM was resolved in 62.3%, grade 1 in 20%, grade 2 in 10.3% and grade 3 in only 7.4% (p < 0.05). 98.9% of the patients had head and neck cancer. From baseline to the two-months session, reported pain fell from 96.1% of affected patients to 39.8%(p < 0.01), while chronic pain increased (19.5% vs. 38.2%, p < 0.05). Verbal scale OM pain intensity indicated intense pain at baseline in 42.2% and a mean visual analogue scale (VAS) score of 5.6 (2.3). Mean VAS scores fell significantly according to pain intensity due to the OM and cancer (p < 0.01). Pain due to OM, a common complication of chemotherapy and radiation, limits nutritional intake and oral function. Analgesia protocols need to be assessed to improve the quality of life of these patients.