Journal
CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL METASTASIS
Volume 29, Issue 4, Pages 381-395Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10585-012-9457-5
Keywords
Tumor microenvironment; Immune inflammatory cells; Cancer-associated fibroblasts; Hierarchic network of communication
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Funding
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnological Medicine, Universita Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE, Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro Funding Source: Custom
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Over recent decades, various studies have argued that the metastatic tissue microenvironment is fully controlled by the intrinsic properties of the cancer cells (growth, motility and invasion, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, immune escape) and additional cells types. Overall, the extrinsic factors and determinants mediate the contribution of the host microenvironment to metastasis formation. The tumor microenvironment carries out these functions by secretion of molecules that can influence and modulate its phenotype, making these complex interactions the basis for support for the progression of a cancer. Here, we undertake a summary of the state of the art of the functions and actions of these cells, as the main actors in the promotion of the formation of the microenvironment of the metastatic niche, and the associated network of interactions. The unraveling of the relationships between tumorigenic cells and their microenvironment represents an important issue for the development of new therapeutic agents that can fight both initiation and recurrence of cancer.
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