1-Naphthylhydrazine hydrochloride: A new matrix for the quantification of glucose and homogentisic acid in real samples by MALDI-TOF MS

Background: Due to its strong ultraviolet absorption and low background interference in the low molecular weight region, 1-naphthylhydrazine hydrochloride (NHHC) has been selected as an ideal matrix to detect small molecules by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Results: This salt-tolerant matrix could be applied for the high sensitive glucose analysis with an ultra-low limit of detection of 1 amol, and the [glucose + Cl](-) signal can be found even in saturated NaCl solution. With NHHC, glucose in serum and the biomarker homogentisic add in urine were successfully determined by MALDI-TOF MS in negative ion mode. Conclusion: This NHHC-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS method provided a fast and high through-put approach for the small molecule analysis in complex samples, and have a great potential in clinical applications. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.