Journal
CLEAN-SOIL AIR WATER
Volume 41, Issue 9, Pages 883-889Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/clen.201200532
Keywords
Biomass; Heavy metal; Intra-particle diffusion; Kinetics; Wastewater treatment
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Funding
- Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD - New Delhi, India)
- Institute Instrumentation Center (IIC - Central facility, IIT Roorkee)
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The surface of the bacterial cells before the biosorption of Zn(II) ion has been found rough, heterogeneous, and non-crystalline together with tremendous protrusions and negatively charged functional groups. The bacterium was characterized as rod shaped with Gram-negative type of cell wall structure. In reaction dynamics, pseudo-second-order kinetics with higher linear correlation coefficient (R-2) ranging between 0.97 and 0.99, lower sum of square errors (SSE) (0.035-0.081) and chi ((2)) (0.0013-0.009) provided a better explanation of sorption of Zn(II) ion on bacterium surface as compared to pseudo-first-order model. The removal of Zn(II) was governed by both film and intra-particle diffusion at onset and later stage of sorption of metal ion on the surface of bacterial cells. The R-2 (0.92-0.94) for intra-particle diffusion model was quite higher with lower values of SSE (9.56-16.33) and chi ((2)) (11.26-19.65) against the Bangham's model. The positive value of H (16.628x10(-6)kJ/mol) and S (5320.90kJ/mol/K) showed that the biosorption of Zn(II) ion across liquid phase on bacterial surface was endothermic with increased randomness at solid-liquid interface. The negative values of G demarcated the whole process as spontaneous in nature. In the present work, the distribution coefficient was found to be >0.5 at various temperature ranges. At the attainment of equilibrium, the residual concentration of Zn(II) ion in liquid phase was around 0.6mg/L, which was much below the limit described by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), i.e. 5mg/L.
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