Journal
CIRP ANNALS-MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
Volume 61, Issue 1, Pages 223-226Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2012.03.050
Keywords
Additive manufacturing; Extrusion; Functionally graded materials
Funding
- NSF [CMMI-0856419]
- Boeing company through the Center for Aerospace Manufacturing Technologies at the Missouri University of Science and Technology
- Air Force Research Laboratory through the Universal Technology Corporation [10-S568-0094-01-C1]
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn
- Directorate For Engineering [0856419] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Presented in this paper is a novel additive manufacturing technology for making three-dimensional parts with functionally graded materials (FGMs), called Freeze-form Extrusion Fabrication (FEF). The system development included a triple-extruder mechanism, extruder modeling and control, pastes extrusion planning for desired composition gradients, and software coding for motion and extrusion control. The effectiveness of the developed FEF system was demonstrated first by fabricating limestone (CaCO3) parts with graded colors and then by fabricating 'green' parts with graded compositions between alumina (Al2O3) and zirconia (ZrO2). The fabricated part went through post-processing, and the sintered part was analyzed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to determine its material compositions. (C) 2012 CIRP.
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