Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 213, Issue 5, Pages 712-722Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv499
Keywords
transgenic mice; MERS; DPP4/CD26
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [PO1 AI060699]
- Cell Morphology Core and Pathology Core
- Center for Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis, through the NIH [P30 DK-54759]
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation
- Transgenic Mouse Facility
- College of Medicine
- Center for Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis
- Roy J. Carver Charitable Trust
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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes life-threatening disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is the receptor for cell binding and entry. There is a need for small-animal models of MERS, but mice are not susceptible to MERS because murine dpp4 does not serve as a receptor. We developed transgenic mice expressing human DPP4 (hDPP4) under the control of the surfactant protein C promoter or cytokeratin 18 promoter that are susceptible to infection with MERS-CoV. Notably, mice expressing hDPP4 with the cytokeratin 18 promoter developed progressive, uniformly fatal disease following intranasal inoculation. High virus titers were present in lung and brain tissues 2 and 6 days after infection, respectively. MERS-CoV-infected lungs revealed mononuclear cell infiltration, alveolar edema, and microvascular thrombosis, with airways generally unaffected. Brain disease was observed, with the greatest involvement noted in the thalamus and brain stem. Animals immunized with a vaccine candidate were uniformly protected from lethal infection. These new mouse models of MERS-CoV should be useful for investigation of early disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.
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