4.2 Article

Super solar particle event around AD775 was found

Journal

CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN
Volume 59, Issue 22, Pages 2736-2742

Publisher

SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0345-z

Keywords

Cosmic rays; Solar events; Radiocarbon; Paleoclimatology; Space weather

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A rapid radiocarbon C-14 increase of 12(0)/(00) in AD774-775 has been reported in cedar and oak tree rings. So far, the origin of the C-14 increase is still uncertain and the possible origin is either supernova or solar particle event. The most possible origin of C-14 increase is strong solar flares and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) with strong particles emission. Comprehensive approaches to identify the strong historical solar particle events based on the rapid C-14/Be-10 increase in tree/coral rings and ice cores, long duration strong auroras and geomagnetic storms are introduced. Evidence of the super auroras in AD775 was first found in a Chinese Chronicles Jiutangshu and it supports the views that the rapid C-14 increase and strong auroras around AD775 are most possibly caused by strong solar storms with intense particles emission. It was identified that the solar event around AD775 would be the strongest solar particle event in the past 11400 years. The discovery is significant for the research on the history of solar activities, space weather and forecast, radiation of solar energetic particles and protection.

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