Characterization and mechanism analysis of penicillin G biodegradation with Klebsiella pneumoniae Z1 isolated from waste penicillin bacterial residue

In this study, a strain Z-1 has been isolated from penicillin bacterial residue. The physicochemical properties and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the strain were characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 16SrDNA, indicating the strain belongs to genus Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, the biodegradation process of PENG was investigated with 99.99% degradation efficiency. Afterwards, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and LC-MS/MS analysis were performed to identify its degradation products. Moreover, the possible mechanism was proposed and confirmed in detail. These results suggest Klebsiella pneumoniae Z1 become a promising alternative for improving penicillin removal from environment. (C) 2014 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.