Radiation-induced brain tumours after central nervous system irradiation in childhood: a review

Objects Radiation-induced cerebral tumours constitute a significant risk for subjects undergoing radiotherapy for the management of cerebral neoplasms. Age-related cerebral vulnerability could be a specific factor in the genesis of these complications. Methods The pertinent literature of both paediatric and adult series has been reviewed. Three personal cases were added. Results One hundred forty-two paediatric second brain tumours were evaluated. Out of them, 69 were malignant gliomas, 33 meningiomas, 8 sarcomatous lesions and 13 low-grade astrocytomas. The average latency period for the appearance of the second tumour was 8 years. Among the second tumours occurring in adults, meningioma is the most common. In this subgroup, the latency period ranged between 16 and 30 years. Conclusion Paediatric radiation-induced brain tumours differ from the adult counterpart for both the histological subtypes. These figures indicate a specific vulnerability of the infantile brain demonstrated by the most frequent occurrence of highly malignant lesions.