Journal
CHEMSUSCHEM
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 1407-1414Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201301198
Keywords
batteries; carbon nanotubes; lithium; tin; yolk-shell nanostructures
Funding
- follow-up program for the Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) in Shanghai
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51271105]
- Shanghai Municipal Government [11JC1403900, 11SG38, S30109]
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All high-capacity anodes for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, such as those based on tin (Sn) and silicon (Si), suffer from large volume changes during cycling with lithium ions, and their high capacities can be only achieved in the first few cycles. We design and synthesize a unique four-layer yolk-shell tin-carbon (Sn-C) nanotube array to address this problem. The shape and size of the exterior Snnanotube@carbon core-shell layer, the encapsulated interior Sn nanowire@carbon nanotube core-shell layer, and the filling level of each layer can be all controlled by adjusting the experimental conditions. Such a nanostructure has not been reported for any metal or metal oxide-based material. Owing to the special design of the electrode structure, the four-layer hierarchical structure demonstrates excellent Li-ion storage properties in terms of high capacity, long cycle life, and high rate performance.
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