Next-Generation Biofuels: Survey of Emerging Technologies and Sustainability Issues

Next-generation biofuels such as cellulosic bioethanol, biomethane from waste, synthetic biofuels obtained via gasification of biomass biohydrogen and others are currently at the center of the attention of technologists and policy makers in search of the more sustainable biofuel of tomorrow To set re alistic targets for future biofuel options it is important to assess their sustainability according to technical economical and environmental measures With this aim, the review presents a comprehensive overview of the chemistry basis and of the technology related aspects of next generation biofuel production, as well as it addresses related economic issues and environmental implications Opportunities and limits are discussed in terms of technical applicability of existing and emerging technology options to bio-waste feedstock and further development forecasts are made based on the existing social-economic and market situation feedstock potentials, and other global aspects As the latter ones are concerned the emphasis is placed on the opportunities and challenges of de veloping countries in adoption of this new industry