Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 115, Issue -, Pages 4-12Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.021
Keywords
Environmental risk assessment; Pharmaceuticals in the environment; Prioritization; Adverse outcome pathways; Intelligent testing
Categories
Funding
- BBSRC Industrial Partnership Award [BB/I00646X/1]
- AstraZeneca Safety Health and Environment Research Programme
- BBSRC [BB/I00646X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I00646X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Numerous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), approved prior to enactment of detailed environmental risk assessment (ERA) guidance in the EU in 2006, have been detected in surface waters as a result of advancements in analytical technologies. Without adequate knowledge of the potential hazards these APIs may pose, assessing their environmental risk is challenging. As it would be impractical to commence hazard characterization and ERA en masse, several approaches to prioritizing substances for further attention have been published. Here, through the combination of three presentations given at a recent conference, Pharmaceuticals in the Environment, Is there a problem? (Nimes, France, June 2013) we review several of these approaches, identify salient components, and present available techniques and tools that could facilitate a pragmatic, scientifically sound approach to prioritizing APIs for advanced study or ERA and, where warranted, fill critical data gaps through targeted, intelligent testing. We further present a modest proposal to facilitate future prioritization efforts and advanced research studies that incorporates mammalian pharmacology data (e.g., adverse outcomes pathways and the fish plasma model) and modeled exposure data based on pharmaceutical use. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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