Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 93, Issue 1, Pages 166-171Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.024
Keywords
Clomazone; Herbicide; Photocatalytic transformation pathways; TiO2; Nature water; Toxicity
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [172042]
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The photocatalytic degradation of the herbicide clomazone (0.05 mM) in aqueous suspensions of TiO2 Degussa P25 was examined as a function of the different operational parameters. The optimum concentration of the catalyst was found to be 0.50 mg mL(-1) under UV light at the pH 10.3. In the first stage of the reaction, the photocatalytic degradation of clomazone followed the pseudo-first order kinetics, with and the heterogeneous catalysis proceeding via (OH)-O-center dot radicals. The results also showed that the disappearance of clomazone led to the formation of a number of organic intermediates and ionic byproducts, whereas its complete mineralization occurred after about 55 min. Tentative photodegradation pathways were proposed and discussed. A comparison of the evolution of toxicity that was evaluated in vitro in rat hepatoma (H-4-II-E) and human fetal lung (MRC-5) cell lines with the degradation kinetics indicates that the irradiation contributed to the decrease of the toxicity of the mixture that is no longer dominated by the parent compound. The study also encompassed the effect of the quality of natural water on the rate of removal of clomazone. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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