Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 86, Issue 11, Pages 1122-1126Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.010
Keywords
Heavy metals; Solid waste; Fluidized bed; Volatilization behavior
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Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [50976038, 51021065, 50976043, 51076052]
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This paper investigated the volatilization behavior of heavy metals during thermal treatment of model solid waste in a fluidized bed reactor. Four metal chlorides (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn) were chosen as metal sources. The influence of redox conditions, water and mineral matrice on heavy metal volatilization was investigated. In general, Cd shows significant vaporization especially when HCl was injected, while Cu and Pb vaporize moderately and Zn vaporization is negligible. Increasing oxygen concentration can lower heavy metal vaporization. Heavy metal interactions with the mineral matter can result in the formation of stable metallic species thus playing a negative effect on their behavior. However, HCl can promote the heavy metal release by preventing the formation of stable metallic species. The chemical sorption (either physical or chemical) inside the pores, coupled with the internal diffusion of gaseous metal species, may also control the vaporization process. With SO2 injected, Cd and Pb show a higher volatility as a result of SO2 reducing characteristics. From the analysis, the subsequent order of heavy metal volatility can be found: Cd > Cu >= Pb >> Zn. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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