Tailored Synthesis of Various Nanomaterials by Using a Graphene-Oxide-Based Gel as a Nanoreactor and Nanohybrid-Catalyzed C-C Bond Formation

New graphene oxide (GO)-based hydrogels that contain vitaminB(2)/B-12 and vitaminC (ascorbic acid) have been synthesized in water (at neutral pH value). These gel-based soft materials have been used to synthesize various metal nanoparticles, including Au, Ag, and Pd nanoparticles, as well as nanoparticle-containing reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based nanohybrid systems. This result indicates that GO-based gels can be used as versatile reactors for the synthesis of different nanomaterials and hybrid systems on the nanoscale. Moreover, the RGO-based nanohybrid hydrogel with Pd nanoparticles was used as an efficient catalyst for CC bond-formation reactions with good yields and showed high recyclability in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions.