Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 19, Issue 20, Pages 6282-6288Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204372
Keywords
carbon; carbon dots; electrochemiluminescence; photoluminescence; sensors
Categories
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB707703, 2012CB910601]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21075068, 81071260]
- Tianjin Science Technology Research Funds [10JCZDJC17000, 11JCZDJC22200]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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The study of the composition, morphology, and surface structure of carbon dots (Cdots) is critical to understanding their effect on the photo- and electrochemiluminescence (PL and ECL) of Cdots in selected applications. Herein, two kinds of Cdots were prepared with 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) as precursor. The Cdots prepared by using a carbonization-extraction strategy have a low oxidation level and are denoted as reduced Cdots (r-Cdots). The Cdots obtained with a carbonization-oxidation process are highly oxidized and are denoted as oxidized Cdots (o-Cdots). The o-Cdots have a carbon core and oxygen-containing loose shell, but the r-Cdots consist mainly of the carbon core. Whereas r-Cdots have a strong blue PL but no apparent ECL response, o-Cdots exhibit a relatively weak PL and strong ECL emission. These properties allow for selected applications of the Cdots. The r-Cdots were used in cell imaging with their high PL emission. The o-Cdots, with their high ECL efficiencies, were selected to sense Cu2+ with Cu2+-inducing ECL quenching in the o-Cdots/K2S2O8 system. This work provides the possibility to control the composition of Cdots for selected applications and shows a good way to characterize surface traps of Cdots because ECL is characterized by the surface-state and PL is mainly related to the core-state in Cdots.
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