Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 19, Issue 42, Pages 14194-14199Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302306
Keywords
high C rate; lithium-ion battery; nitrogen dopant; oxygen deficiency; titanium dioxide
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Funding
- BMBF in the framework of the project Elektrochemie und Mobilitat-Kompetenzverbund Nord (KVN) [FKZ: 13N9973]
- DFG [SPP1473 (Schu929/11-1)]
- NRW program
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Improving the chemical diffusion of Li ions in anatase TiO2 is essential to enhance its rate capability as a negative electrode for Li-ion batteries. Ammonia annealing has been used to improve the rate capability of Li4Ti5O12. Similarly, ammonia annealing improves the Li-ion storage performance of anatase TiO2 in terms of the stability upon cycling and the C-rate capability. In order to distinguish whether N doping or oxygen deficiencies, both introduced upon ammonia annealing, are more relevant for the observed improvement, a systematic electrochemical study was performed. The results suggest that the creation of oxygen vacancies upon ammonia annealing is the main reason for the improvement of the stability and C-rate capability.
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