Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages 1493-1505Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901917
Keywords
gels; green chemistry; hydrogen bonds; ionic liquids; nanoparticles
Categories
Funding
- Department of Science and Technology (India) [SR/S1/RFPC-04/2006]
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
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The gelation of ionic liquids is attracting significant attention because of its large spectrum of applications across different disciplines. These green solvents' have been the solution to a number of common problems due to their eco-friendly features. To expand their applications, the gelation of ionic liquids has been achieved by using amino acid-based low-molecular weight compounds. Variation of individual segments in the molecular skeleton of the gelators, which comprise the amino acid and the protecting groups at the N and C termini, led to an understanding of the structure-property correlation of the ionogelation process. An aromatic ring containing amino acid-based molecules protected with a phenyl or cyclohexyl group at the N terminus were efficient in the gelation of ionic liquids. In the case of aliphatic amino acids, gelation was more prominent with a phenyl group as the N-terminal protecting agent. The probable factors responsible for this supramolecular association of the gelators in ionic liquids have been studied with the help of field-emission SEM, H-1 NMR, FTIR, and luminescence studies. It is the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance that needs to be optimized for a molecule to induce gelation of the green solvents. Interestingly, to maximize the benefits from using these green solvents, these ionogels have been employed as templates for the synthesis of uniform-sized TiO2 nanoparticles (25-30 nm). Furthermore, as a complement to their applications, ionogels serve as efficient adsorbents of both cationic and anionic dyes and were distinctly better relative to their organogel counterparts.
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