Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 15, Issue 41, Pages 10851-10856Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900399
Keywords
adsorption; biosensors; electrochemistry; graphite; molecular dynamics
Categories
Funding
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI) on Materials Nanoarchitectonics
- MEXT, Japan
- JST-CREST
- JAIST
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beta-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) and its reduced form (NADH) play major roles in the development of electrochemical enzyme biosensors; and biofuel cells. Unfortunately, the oxidation of NADH at carbon electrodes suffers from passivation of the electrodes and a decrease in passing currents. Here, we investigate experimentally and theoretically the reasons for such passivation. High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS), voltammetry, and amperometry show that adsorption occurs on the edges and edge-like defects of graphene sheets. HR-XPS and ab initio molecular dynamics show that the adsorption of NAD(+) molecules on the edges of graphene happens due to interaction with oxygen-containing groups such as carboxylic groups, while graphene edges substituted only with hydrogen are prone to passivation.
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