Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 15, Issue 5, Pages 1272-1279Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801621
Keywords
biaryls; ionic liquids; nanoparticles; palladium; Ullmann reactions
Categories
Funding
- Ministero dell'Universia e delta Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica, Rome
- University of Bari
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An efficient Ullmann-type reductive homocoupling of aryl, vinyl and heteroaryl halides can be promoted by an aldehyde in tetraalkylammonium ionic liquids under very mild reaction conditions. This simple procedure generates symmetrical biaryls under relatively mild conditions. The ionic liquid is crucial for this process because it behaves simultaneously as a base, ligand and reaction medium. The role of the aldehyde is also discussed and a general mechanism for this unusual reaction is proposed. These results open the way to a new efficient method of Pd-catalysed dehydrogenation of carbonyl compounds.
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