Journal
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
Volume 24, Issue 20, Pages 3923-3931Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/cm302312a
Keywords
solar cells; nanostructures; thin films; conducting polymers; characterization tools
Funding
- Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-C1-015-21]
- Eastman Kodak Corporation
- Kodak Fellows Program
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
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Using grazing incidence X-ray scattering, we observe the effects of solvent vapors upon the morphology of poly(3-hexylthiophene) phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT-PCBM) bulk heterojunction thin film blends in real time; allowing us to observe morphological rearrangements that occur during this process as a function of solvent. We detail the swelling of the P3HT crystallites upon the introduction of solvent and the resulting changes in the P3HT crystallite morphology. We also demonstrate the ability for tetrahydrofuran vapor to induce crystallinity in PCBM domains. Additionally, we measure the nanoscale phase segregated domain size as a function of solvent vapor annealing and correlate this to the changes observed in the crystallite morphology of each component. Finally, we discuss the implications of the morphological changes induced by solvent vapor annealing on the device properties of BHJ solar cells.
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