Journal
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
Volume 23, Issue 10, Pages 2626-2629Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/cm2002836
Keywords
CZTS; CZTGS; CZTGSSe; CZTSSe; germanium; thin film; photovoltaic; low-cost
Funding
- NSF IGERT [0903670-DGE]
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Cu2Zn(Sn1-xGex)S-4 nanocrystals have been synthesized via batch reaction in oleylamine with no additional surfactants present. The nanocrystals are knife-coated on molybdenum substrates and then selenized to form a dense layer of Cu2Zn(Sn1-xGex)-(S,Se)(4), which is then used as the photoabsorbing layer in a thin film solar cell. The band gaps of the nanocrystals and the resulting solar cells are demonstrated to be controlled by adjusting the Ge/(Ge+Sn) ratio of the nanocrystal synthesis precursors. Solar cells fabricated from Cu2ZnGeS4 nanocrystal films yielded a power conversion efficiency of 0.51%. However, Cu2Zn (SnxGe1-x)S-4 nanocrystals with a Ge/(Ge+Sn) ratio 0.7 yielded devices with an efficiency of 6.8% when synthesized to be Cu-poor and Zn-rich. This result opens the possibility of forming Ge gradients to direct minority carriers away from high recombination interfaces and significantly improve the device efficiency of CZTSSe-based solar cells.
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