Catalytic bismetallative multicomponent coupling reactions: scope, applications, and mechanisms

Catalytic reactions have played an indispensable role in organic chemistry for the last several decades. In particular, catalytic multicomponent reactions have attracted significant attention due to their efficiency and expediency towards complex molecule synthesis. The presence of bismetallic reagents (e. g. B-B, Si-Si, B-Si, Si-Sn, etc.) in this process renders the products enriched with various functional groups and multiple stereocenters. For this reason, catalytic bismetallative coupling is considered an effective method to generate the functional and stereochemical complexity of simple hydrocarbon substrates. This review highlights key developments of transition-metal catalyzed bismetallative reactions involving multiple p components. Specifically, it will highlight the scope, synthetic applications, and proposed mechanistic pathways of this process.