Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 191, Issue -, Pages 202-209Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2012.03.004
Keywords
Zero-valent iron; Smectite; Organic modified clay; Chlorophenol; Dechlorination
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21173261]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [1029471301, XBBS201112]
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Controlling the reactivity of nano-scale zero-valent iron (nZVI) remains a challenge for its practical application. In the present study, smectite-templated nZVI is hydrophobized by adding N,N,N-trimethyl-1-dodecanaminium salt (DTA(+)) to yield organo-smectite-ZVI. The obtained material was characterized by XRD. TEM and FTIR. Its reactivity was evaluated for the aqueous removal of 2.4-DCP. Results show that (i) nanosized ZVI clusters of <5 nm are intercalated into the clay interlayers; (ii) hydrophobization of smectite surfaces occurs after binding of DTA(+) to the clay minerals; (iii) aqueous 2,4-DCP could be rapidly accumulated in the vicinity of the solid phase; (iv) accumulated 2.4-DCP is then gradually dechlorinated. This demonstrates that hydrophobic conditions in clay interlayer facilitate the 2,4-DCP adsorption. In a 2,4-DCP successive addition systems, dechlorination can be maintained even after five cycles for organo-smectite-ZVI, but just two cycles for smectite-ZVI. This indicates that the hydrophobization of smectite-ZVI could significantly sustain its reactivity and inhibit the rapid consumption of ZVI in the Fe-0/H2O system. This statement is supported by XPS analysis. Furthermore, organo-smectite-ZVI provides strong adsorptive affinity to 2,4-DCP and its reaction products. This is beneficial for the long-term stability of removed contaminants. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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