Journal
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
Volume 19, Issue 1-5, Pages 213-226Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00062-1
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Greenland ice-core records provide an exceptionally clear picture of many aspects of abrupt climate changes, and particularly of those associated with the Younger Dryas event, as reviewed here. Well-preserved. annual layers can be counted confidently, with only approximate to 1% errors for the age of the end of the Younger Dryas approximate to 11,.500 years before present. Ice-how corrections allow reconstruction of snow accumulation rates over tens of thousands of years with little additional uncertainty. Glaciochemical and particulate data record atmospheric-loading changes with little uncertainty introduced by changes in snow accumulation. Confident paleothermometry is provided by site-specific calibrations using ice-isotopic ratios, borehole temperatures, and gas-isotopic ratios. Near-simultaneous changes in ice-core paleoclimatic indicators of local, regional, and more-widespread climate conditions demonstrate that much of the Earth experienced abrupt climate changes synchronous with Greenland within thirty years or less. Post-Younger Dryas changes have not duplicated the size, extent and rapidity of these paleoclimatic changes. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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