Journal
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 47, Issue 7, Pages 1943-1960Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03984e
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Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 04/RP1/B482, SFI P.I. 09/IN.1/B2650]
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- IRCSET
- Health Research Board (HRB) [TRA/2007/11]
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Advances in the synthesis of unsymmetrically meso substituted porphyrins are based on the development of new total syntheses and porphyrin functionalization methods. These methods have replaced earlier mixed condensation reactions and give synthetic access to almost any desired meso-substituted porphyrin. They include the complete series of porphyrin homologues and regioisomers of the A(x)-series with either alkyl or aryl residues, and numerous examples of ABCD-type chromophores. The syntheses are based on a combination of classic functionalization reactions, the use of organolithium reagents in SNAr reactions, and organometallic reactions with Pd, Ni, Cr, Ru, B, and Sn catalysis. This feature article gives an account of our work in the past decade to develop synthetic methods for the A(x)- and ABCD-type porphyrins and their use as optical materials and photosensitizers.
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