Localized reversible frameshift mutation in the flhA gene confers phase variability to flagellin gene expression in Campylobacter coli

Phase variation of flagellin gene expression in Campylobacter coli UA585 was correlated with high-frequency, reversible insertion and deletion frameshift mutations in a short homopolymeric tract of thymine residues located in the N-terminal coding region of the flha gene. Mutation-based phase variation in flhA may generate functional diversity in the host and environment.