A Randomized Trial of Goal Directed vs Standard Fluid Therapy in Cytoreductive Surgery with Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy

The use of adequate fluid therapy during cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) remains controversial. The aim of the study was to assess whether the use of fluid therapy protocol combined with goal-directed therapy (GDT) is associated with a significant change in morbidity, length of hospital stay, and mortality compared to standard fluid therapy. Patients American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) II-III undergoing CRS and HIPEC were randomized into two groups. The GDT group (N = 38) received fluid therapy according to a protocol guided by monitored hemodynamic parameters. The control group (N = 42) received standard fluid therapy. We evaluated incidence of major complications, total length of hospital stay, total amount of fluids administered, and mortality rate. The incidence of major abdominal complications was 10.5 % in GDT group and 38.1 % in the control group (P = 0.005). The median duration of hospitalization was 19 days in GDT group and 29 days in the control group (P < 0.0001). The mortality rate was zero in GDT group vs 9.5 % in the control group (P = 0.12). GDT group received a significantly (P < 0.0001) lower amount of fluid (5812 +/- 1244 ml) than the control group (8269 +/- 1452 ml), with a significantly (P < 0.0001) lower volume of crystalloids (3884 +/- 1003 vs 68,528 +/- 1413 ml). In CRS and HIPEC, the use of a GDT improves outcome in terms of incidence of major abdominal and systemic postoperative complications and length of hospital stay, compared to standard fluid therapy protocol.