Journal
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Volume 25, Issue 2, Pages 161-165Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1702118
Keywords
respiratory syncytial virus; bone marrow transplantation; immune globulin; treatment; ribavirin; palivizumab
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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia in BMT recipients carries a mortality rate of approximately 50-70% despite ribavirin (Virazole) treatment. In both immunocompetent and immunocompromised animal models, RSV neutralizing antibodies rapidly reduce pulmonary virus load after a single dose. RSV-IGIV (RespiGam) is an IgG immune globulin with high concentrations of RSV neutralizing antibody (>19200 MU/ml), From June 1991 to February 1996, a compassionate-use protocol using RSV-IGIV for treatment of RSV infections was conducted. Eleven children at multiple centers, mean age 3.3 years (4 months to 9 years), were undergoing BMT and met the protocol criteria, They received a single 1500 mg/kg dose of RSV-IGIV infused over 12 h at a median of 5 days (1-37 days) after RSV symptom onset, Ten of these patients received prior or concurrent aerosolized ribavirin, Serum RSV neutralizing titers were measured in five patients and showed a 3- to 30-fold increase 24 h after RSV-IGIV infusion, Adverse events were mild. One of 11 (9.1%) patients died from their RSV illness (91% RSV survival). In comparison to previously published reports, RSV-IGIV treatment of RSV pneumonia in BMT patients may increase survival above that in such patients treated with ribavirin alone.
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