Journal
MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ
Volume 95, Issue 1, Pages 75-80Publisher
FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ
DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762000000100011
Keywords
Leishmania mexicana; Leishmania major; Endotrypanum; Sauroleishmania; Sigmodontinae; Muridae; Lutzomyia; Phlebotomus; Sergentomyia; coevolution; biogeography
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The hypothesis of a Palaearctic origin of Leishmania in the early Cenozoic, dispersal to the Nearctic in the late Eocene and to the Neotropical in the Pliocene is presented. It is further hypothesized that murid rodents and their immediate ancestors have been important mammalian reservoirs since the origination of Leishmania. Biochemical, molecular; biogeographical, entomological, mammalalogical and ecological support for these hypotheses are reviewed.
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