Journal
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
Volume 64, Issue 2-3, Pages 145-157Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1023/A:1010692104861
Keywords
DNA repair; free radicals; genetic engineering; hyperhydricity; in vitro culture; juvenility; micropropagation; mutation; reactive oxygen species; somaclonal variation; tissue culture
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A number of well defined problems in physiological, epigenetic and genetic quality are associated with the culture of plant cell, tissue and organs in vitro, namely, absence or loss of organogenic potential (recalcitrance), hyperhydricity ('vitrification') and somaclonal variation. These broad terms are used to describe complex phenomena that are known to be genotype and environment dependent. These phenomena affect the practical application of plant tissue culture in plant propagation and in plant genetic manipulation. Here it is hypothesised much of the variability expressed in microplants may be the consequence of, or related to, oxidative stress damage caused to the plant tissues during explant preparation, and in culture, due to media and environmental factors. The characteristics of these phenomena are described and causes discussed in terms of the known effects of oxidative stress on eukaryote genomes. Parameters to characterise the phenomena are described and methods to remediate the causes proposed.
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