Journal
CHEMCATCHEM
Volume 6, Issue 5, Pages 1166-1182Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201301071
Keywords
immobilization; molecular catalysts; organic frameworks; polymers; solid catalysts
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Funding
- German Research Foundation
- Excellence Initiative of the German Federal Government at RWTH Aachen University
- Excellence Initiative of the German State Government at RWTH Aachen University
- Chemical Industry Fund
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The combination of the advantageous properties of molecular and solid catalysts is considered the Holy Grail in catalysis research. Great potential is provided by nanoporous polymers. Chemically well-defined moieties in combination with a high stability render these materials suitable as catalyst supports for liquid-phase and even aqueous-phase catalytic processes, especially regarding the transition from fossil resources to renewable resources. In this Minireview, recent developments are summarized, covering the three main approaches: solid metal-free organocatalysts, immobilized molecular catalyst species, and supported metal nanoparticles and clusters. Their potential is evaluated and the question as to whether nanoporous polymers can bridge the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis is critically discussed.
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