Binuclear Cooperative Catalysts for the Hydrogenation and Hydroformylation of Olefins

Cooperative activation of substrates simultaneously by a (transition) metal and a protein residue is a common strategy in enzyme catalysis. Cooperative dinuclear catalysis for synthetic systems is relatively underdeveloped. Here, we focus on some examples of dinuclear hydrogenation and hydroformylation reactions, with the aim to stimulate the scientific community to develop more catalytic processes based on cooperative dinuclear systems.